59. Venice Biennale 2022

Sonia Boyce and Simone Leigh receive Golden Lion at 59th Venice Biennale.

Uganda and France receive special mention for their National Pavilions.

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59. Venice Biennale 2022 "The Milk of Dreams"
La Biennale di Venezia
59th International Art Exhibition

23.04.2022 - 27.11.2022

The 59th International Art Exhibition of La Biennale di Venezia, titled The Milk of Dreams, will open to the public from Saturday April 23 to Sunday November 27, 2022, at the Giardini and the Arsenale; it will be curated by Cecilia Alemani and organised by La Biennale di Venezia chaired by Roberto Cicutto. The Pre-opening will take place on April 20, 21 and 22; the Awards Ceremony and Inauguration will be held on 23 April 2022.

The Exhibition will take place in the Central Pavilion (Giardini) and in the Arsenale, including 213 artists from 58 countries; 180 of these are participating for the first time in the International Exhibition. 1433 the works and objects on display, 80 new projects are conceived specifically for the Biennale Arte.

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Cecilia Alemani

“The Milk of Dreams takes its title from a book by Leonora Carrington (1917–2011) – Cecilia Alemani stated – in which the Surrealist artist describes a magical world where life is constantly re-envisioned through the prism of the imagination. It is a world where everyone can change, be transformed, become something or someone else. The Exhibition The Milk of Dreams takes Leonora Carrington’s otherworldly creatures, along with other figures of transformation, as companions on an imaginary journey through the metamorphoses of bodies and definitions of the human.
This Exhibition is grounded in many conversations with artists held in the last few years. The questions that kept emerging from these dialogues seem to capture this moment in history when the very survival of the species is threatened, but also to sum up many other inquiries that pervade the sciences, arts, and myths of our time. How is the definition of the human changing? What constitutes life, and what differentiates plant and animal, human and non-human? What are our responsibilities towards the planet, other people, and other life forms? And what would life look like without us?
These are some of the guiding questions for this edition of the Biennale Arte, which focuses on three thematic areas in particular: the representation of bodies and their metamorphoses; the relationship between individuals and technologies; the connection between bodies and the Earth.”

“As visitors move through the Exhibition in the Central Pavilion and the Corderie, they encounter five smaller, historical sections: miniature constellations of artworks, found objects, and documents, clustered together to explore certain key themes. Conceived like time capsules, these shows within the show provide additional tools of investigation and introspection, weaving a web of references and echoes that link artworks of the past – including major museum loans and unconventional selections – to the pieces by contemporary artists in the surrounding space. This wide-ranging, transhistorical approach traces kinships and affinities between artistic methods and practices, even across generations, to create new layers of meaning and bridge present and past. What emerges is a historical narrative that is not built around systems of direct inheritance or conflict, but around forms of symbiosis, solidarity, and sisterhood.”

“The Milk of Dreams was conceived and organised in a period of enormous instability and uncertainty, since its development coincided with the outbreak and spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. La Biennale di Venezia was forced to postpone this edition by one year, an event that had only occurred during the two World Wars since 1895. So the very fact that this Exhibition can open is somewhat extraordinary: its inauguration is not exactly the symbol of a return to normal life, but rather the outcome of a collective effort that seems almost miraculous. During these endless months in front of the screen, I have pondered the question of what role the International Art Exhibition should play at this historical juncture, and the simplest, most sincere answer I could find is that the Biennale sums up all the things we have so sorely missed in the last two years: the freedom to meet people from all over the world, the possibility of travel, the joy of spending time together, the practice of difference, translation, incomprehension, and communion. The Milk of Dreams is not an Exhibition about the pandemic, but it inevitably registers the upheavals of our era. In times like this, as the history of La Biennale di Venezia clearly shows, art and artists can help us imagine new modes of coexistence and infinite new possibilities of transformation.”

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National Participations

The Exhibition will also include 80 National Participations in the historic Pavilions at the Giardini, at the Arsenale and in the city centre of Venice. 5 countries will be participating for the first time at the Biennale Arte: Republic of Cameroon, Namibia, Nepal, Sultanate of Oman, and Uganda. Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Republic of Uzbekistan participate for the first time with their own Pavilion.

The Italian Pavilion at the Tese delle Vergini in the Arsenale, sponsored and promoted by the Ministero della Cultura, Direzione Generale Arte e Architettura Contemporanee e Periferie Urbane, is curated by Eugenio Viola.

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Collateral Events

The Collateral Events, which are admitted by the Curator and promoted by non–profit national and international bodies and institutions, will take place in several locations around the city of Venice. They offer a wide range of contributions and participations that enrich the diversity of voices that characterizes the Exhibition.

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Special Projects

Forte Marghera Special Project, Mestre
Elisa Giardina Papa, one of the artists taking part in the International Exhibition (in competition), has been invited by Cecilia Alemani to make a special work in Forte Marghera, in the building called Polveriera austriaca.

Applied Arts Pavilion Special Project, Arsenale, Sale d’Armi
Artist Sophia Al-Maria has been selected to present a work in the Applied Arts Pavilion at the Sale d’Armi, Arsenale. This is the sixth edition of the collaboration between La Biennale di Venezia and the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in London.

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Biennale College Arte

The selected projects for the 1st edition of Biennale College Arte 2021/2022 are by Simnikiwe Buhlungu, Ambra Castagnetti, Andro Eradze and Kudzanai-Violet Hwami. The 4 artists will receive a grant of 25,000 euros for the realization of the final work. The artworks will be presented, out of competition, as part of the 59th International Art Exhibition, The Milk of Dreams. Over 250 young emerging artists under 30 from 58 countries around the world have joined the call for participation. More than half are women.

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Biennale Sessions

For the eleventh consecutive year, La Biennale dedicates the Biennale Sessions project to institutions that develop research and training programmes in architecture, the arts and related fields, and to Universities and Fine Arts Academies. The aim is to facilitate self-organised three-day visits for groups of at least 50 students and teachers, with the possibility of holding seminars in the exhibition venues offered free of charge and assistance in coordinating travel and accommodation.

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Educational

For the past decade, La Biennale di Venezia has been devoting increased attention to learning activities and has developed a growing commitment to educational initiatives addressed to the audience of its Exhibitions, to universities, young people, and children, from schools at all levels. In the past two years, the Art and Architecture Exhibitions had 82,819 participants in Educational activities in total, amongst whom 48,006 were youngsters. A broad Educational programme has been scheduled for 2022 as well, addressed to individuals and groups of students, children, adults, families, professionals, companies, and universities. All the initiatives aim at actively involving the participants, and are led by professional operators, carefully trained by La Biennale di Venezia. They are divided into two categories: Guided Tours and Workshop Activities.

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Catalogue and graphic identity

The official Catalogue, titled “The Milk of Dreams”, consists of two volumes. Volume I of the Catalogue is dedicated to the International Exhibition, curated by Cecilia Alemani. This volume includes the Curator’s original contribution as well as a wide range of illustrations and critical essays by some of today’s most cutting-edge thinkers and writers. Volume II is focused on the National Participations and the Collateral Events. The Exhibition Guide is conceived to accompany the visitor through the Exhibition.

The graphic identity of Biennale Arte 2022 and the publication’s design are by A Practice for Everyday Life, London. The graphic identity explores ideas of fluidity, identity, the human and the non-human, re-enchantment, and fragmentation. The graphic identity positions artists’ works at its forefront, featuring details from artworks by Belkis Ayón, Felipe Baeza, Tatsuo Ikeda, and Cecilia Vicuña. These disparate artworks are united in their representation of eyes, which are symbolic of important ideas running through the exhibition: dreams, identity, the body, and reflection.

The three volumes are published by La Biennale di Venezia.

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Exhibition design

The Exhibition design is conceived by Formafantasma, a research-based design studio founded in 2009 by Andrea Trimarchi and Simone Farresin. Their work is internationally recognized for its rigor and while investigating the historical, political and social forces shaping the discipline of contemporary design.

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The international Jury

The Board of Directors of La Biennale di Venezia, upon recommendation by the Artistic Director Cecilia Alemani, has appointed the International Jury of the 59th International Art Exhibition (23 April > 27 November 2022) composed of the following members:

Adrienne Edwards (President of the Jury) is Engell Speyer Curator and Director of Curatorial Affairs at the Whitney Museum of American Art and Co-Curator of the 2022 Whitney Biennial. Previously, she served as Curator of Performa in New York City and as Curator-at-Large for the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis. In addition to interdisciplinary performance commissions and curatorial projects, Edwards has taught Art History and Visual Studies at New York University and The New School, and writes extensively for a broad range of publications.

Lorenzo Giusti is Director of GAMeC Bergamo. An art historian and curator, from 2012 to 2017 he served as Director of the MAN Museum in Nuoro. He has staged exhibitions and edited books dedicated to leading figures from 20th-century art as well as contemporary international artists, collaborating with numerous institutions in Italy and abroad. He is President of AMACI – the Association of Italian Contemporary Art Museums.

Julieta González is the Artistic Director at Instituto Inhotim in Brazil. She is a curator and researcher who works at the intersection of anthropology, cybernetics, architecture, ecology, the built environment and the visual arts. She has held curatorial positions at institutions such as Tate Modern, Museo Tamayo, Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), The Bronx Museum, Museo de Bellas Artes de Caracas, among others. She has organised and co-organised over sixty exhibitions and has published numerous essays in exhibition catalogues and periodical publications.

Bonaventure Soh Bejeng Ndikung is an independent curator, author and biotechnologist. He is founder and Artistic Director of SAVVY Contemporary in Berlin and is the Artistic Director of sonsbeek 20–24, a quadrennial contemporary art exhibition in Arnhem, the Netherlands. He is professor in the Spatial Strategies MA programme at the Weißensee Kunsthochschule in Berlin. From 2023 he will take on the role of Director at Haus der Kulturen der Welt (HKW) in Berlin.

Susanne Pfeffer is the Director of the MUSEUM MMK FÜR MODERNE KUNST. She served as Director of Fridericianum (2013–2017); Chief Curator of KW Institute for Contemporary Art in Berlin (2007–2012); Curator and Advisor to the MoMA PS1; and Artistic Director of the Künstlerhaus Bremen (2004–2006). Pfeffer curated the Swiss Pavilion at Biennale Arte 2015. At Biennale Arte 2017, her presentation of Anne Imhof at the German Pavilion was awarded the Golden Lion for Best National Participation.

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The official prizes

The International Jury will award the following official prizes:

- Golden Lion for best National Participation
- Golden Lion for best participant in the International Exhibition The Milk of Dreams
- Silver Lion for a promising young participant in the International Exhibition The Milk of Dreams

The Jury will also have the opportunity of awarding:

- a maximum of one special mention to National Participations
- a maximum of two special mentions to the artists in the International Exhibition The Milk of Dreams

The Awards Ceremony will take place during the official opening of the 59th Exhibition, Saturday April 23rd, 2022 at Ca’ Giustinian, the headquarters of La Biennale di Venezia.
The Exhibition will be open to the public from 11 am on that same day.

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Invited artists

1. Noor Abuarafeh
1986, Jerusalem. Lives between Jerusalem, Palestine and Maastricht, the Netherlands

2. Carla Accardi
1924, Trapani, Italy – 2014, Rome, Italy

3. Igshaan Adams
1982, Cape Town. Lives in Cape Town, South Africa

4. Eileen Agar
1899, Buenos Aires, Argentina – 1991, London, UK

5. Monira Al Qadiri
1983, Dakar, Senegal. Lives in Berlin, Germany

6. Sophia Al-Maria*
1983, Tacoma, USA. Lives in London, UK Pavilion of Applied Arts

7. Özlem Altın
1977, Goch, Germany. Lives in Berlin, Germany

8. Marina Apollonio
1940, Trieste, Italy. Lives in Padua, Italy

9. Gertrud Arndt
1903, Ratibor (Racibórz), German Empire (present-day Poland) – 2000, Darmstadt, Germany

10. Ruth Asawa
1926, Norwalk, USA – 2013, San Francisco, USA

11. Shuvinai Ashoona
1961, Kinngait. Lives in Kinngait, Nunavut

12. Belkis Ayón
1967 – 1999, Havana, Cuba

13. Firelei Báez
1981, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic. Lives in New York City, USA

14. Felipe Baeza
1987, Guanajuato, Mexico. Lives in New York City, USA

15. Josephine Baker
1906, Saint Louis, USA – 1975, Paris, France

16. Djuna Barnes
1892 – 1982, New York City, USA

17. Maria Bartuszová
1936, Prague, Czechoslovakia (present-day Czech Republic) – 1996, Košice, Slovakia

18. Benedetta
1897, Rome, Italy – 1977, Venice, Italy

19. Mirella Bentivoglio
1922, Klagenfurt, Austria – 2017, Rome, Italy In collaboration with Annalisa Alloatti 1926 – 2000, Turin, Italy

20. Merikokeb Berhanu
1977, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Lives in Silver Spring, USA

21. Tomaso Binga
1931, Salerno, Italy. Lives in Rome, Italy

22. Cosima von Bonin
1962, Mombasa, Kenya. Lives in Cologne, Germany

23. Louise Bonnet
1970, Geneva, Switzerland. Lives in Los Angeles, USA

24. Marianne Brandt
1893, Chemnitz, Germany – 1983, Kirchberg, Germany

25. Kerstin Brätsch
1979, Hamburg, Germany. Lives in New York City, USA and Berlin, Germany

26. Dora Budor
1984, Zagreb, Croatia. Lives in New York City, USA

27. Eglė Budvytytė
1981, Kaunas, Lithuania. Lives in Vilnius, Lithuania and Amsterdam, the Netherlands In collaboration with Marija Olšauskaitė and Julija Steponaitytė 1989, Vilnius. Lives in Vilnius, Lithuania and New York City, USA 1992, Vilnius. Lives in Vilnius, Lithuania and Amsterdam, the Netherlands

28. Liv Bugge
1974, Oslo. Lives in Oslo, Norway

29. Simnikiwe Buhlungu*
1995, Johannesburg. Lives in Johannesburg, South Africa and Amsterdam, the Netherlands Biennale College Arte

30. Miriam Cahn
1949, Basel, Switzerland. Lives in Stampa, Switzerland

31. Claude Cahun
1894, Nantes, France – 1954, Saint Helier, Jersey, UK

32. Elaine Cameron-Weir
1985, Red Deer, Canada. Lives in New York City, USA

33. Milly Canavero
1920 – 2010, Genoa, Italy

34. Leonora Carrington
1917, Clayton-le-Woods, UK – 2011, Mexico City, Mexico

35. Regina Cassolo Bracchi
1894, Mede, Italy – 1974, Milan, Italy

36. Ambra Castagnetti*
1993, Genoa, Italy. Lives in Milan, Italy Biennale College Arte

37. Giulia Cenci
1988, Cortona. Lives in Cortona, Italy and Amsterdam, the Netherlands

38. Giannina Censi
1913, Milan, Italy – 1995, Voghera, Italy

39. Gabriel Chaile
1985, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. Lives in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Lisbon, Portugal

40. Ali Cherri
1976, Beirut, Lebanon. Lives in Paris, France

41. Anna Coleman Ladd
1878, Bryn Mawr, USA – 1939, Santa Barbara, USA

42. Ithell Colquhoun
1906, Shillong, India – 1988, Lamorna, UK

43. Myrlande Constant
1968, Port-au-Prince. Lives in Port-au-Prince, Haiti

44. June Crespo
1982, Pamplona, Spain. Lives in Bilbao, Spain

45. Dadamaino
1930 – 2004, Milan, Italy

46. Noah Davis
1983, Seattle, USA – 2015, Ojai, USA

47. Lenora de Barros
1953, São Paulo. Lives in São Paulo, Brazil

48. Valentine de Saint-Point
1875, Lyon, France – 1953, Cairo, Egypt

49. Lise Deharme
1898, Paris, France – 1980, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France

50. Sonia Delaunay
1885, Odessa, Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) – 1979, Paris, France

51. Agnes Denes
1931, Budapest, Hungary. Lives in New York City, USA

52. Maya Deren
1917, Kyiv, Ukraine – 1961, New York City, USA

53. Lucia Di Luciano
1933, Syracuse, Italy. Lives in Formello, Italy

54. Ibrahim El-Salahi
1930, Omdurman, Sudan. Lives in Oxford, UK

55. Sara Enrico
1979, Biella, Italy. Lives in Turin, Italy

56. Chiara Enzo
1989, Venice. Lives in Venice, Italy

57. Andro Eradze*
1993, Tbilisi. Lives in Tbilisi, Georgia Biennale College Arte

58. Jaider Esbell
1979, Normandia, Brazil – 2021, São Sebastião, Brazil

59. Jana Euler
1982, Friedberg, Germany. Lives in Frankfurt, Germany and Brussels, Belgium

60. Minnie Evans
1892, Long Creek, USA – 1987, Wilmington, USA

61. Alexandra Exter
1882, Białystok, Russian Empire (present-day Poland) – 1949, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France

62. Jadé Fadojutimi
1993, London. Lives in London, UK

63. Jes Fan
1990, Scarborough, Canada. Lives in New York City, USA and Hong Kong

64. Safia Farhat
1924 – 2004, Radès, Tunisia

65. Simone Fattal
1942, Damascus, Syria. Lives in Paris and Erquy, France

66. Célestin Faustin
1948, Lafond, Haiti – 1981, Pétion-Ville, Haiti

67. Leonor Fini
1907, Buenos Aires, Argentina – 1996, Paris, France

68. Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
1874, Swinemünde (Świnoujście), German Empire (present-day Poland) – 1927, Paris, France

69. Katharina Fritsch
1956, Essen, Germany. Lives in Wuppertal and Düsseldorf, Germany

70. Ilse Garnier
1927, Kaiserslautern, Germany – 2020, Saisseval, France

71. Aage Gaup
1943, Børselv, Sápmi/Northern Norway – 2021, Karasjok, Sápmi/Northern Norway

72. Linda Gazzera
1890, Rome, Italy – 1942, São Paulo, Brazil

73. Ficre Ghebreyesus
1962, Asmara, Eritrea – 2012, New Haven, USA

74. Elisa Giardina Papa
1979, Medicina, Italy. Lives in New York City, USA and Palermo, Italy

75. Roberto Gil de Montes
1950, Guadalajara, Mexico. Lives in La Peñita de Jaltemba, Mexico

76. Nan Goldin
1953, Washington, D.C., USA. Lives in New York City, USA

77. Jane Graverol
1905, Ixelles, Belgium – 1984, Fontainebleau, France

78. Laura Grisi
1939, Rhodes, Greece – 2017, Rome, Italy

79. Karla Grosch
1904, Weimar, Germany – 1933, Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine (present-day Israel)

80. Robert Grosvenor
1937, New York City, USA. Lives in East Patchogue, USA

81. Aneta Grzeszykowska
1974, Warsaw. Lives in Warsaw, Poland

82. Sheroanawe Hakihiiwe
1971, Sheroana, Venezuela. Lives in Mahekototeri and Caracas, Venezuela

83. Florence Henri
1893, New York City, USA – 1982, Compiègne, France

84. Lynn Hershman Leeson
1941, Cleveland, USA. Lives in San Francisco, USA

85. Charline von Heyl
1960, Mainz, Germany. Lives in New York City and Marfa, USA

86. Hannah Höch
1889, Gotha, Germany – 1978, Berlin, Germany

87. Jessie Homer French
1940, New York City, USA. Lives in Mountain Center, USA

88. Rebecca Horn
1944, Michelstadt, Germany. Lives in Odenwald, Germany

89. Georgiana Houghton
1814, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain – 1884, London, UK

90. Sheree Hovsepian
1974, Isfahan, Iran. Lives in New York City, USA

91. Tishan Hsu
1951, Boston, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

92. Marguerite Humeau
1986, Cholet, France. Lives in London, UK

93. Jacqueline Humphries
1960, New Orleans, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

94. Kudzanai-Violet Hwami*
1993, Gutu, Zimbabwe. Lives in London, UK Biennale College Arte

95. Tatsuo Ikeda
1928, Saga, Japan – 2020, Tokyo, Japan

96. Saodat Ismailova 1981, Tashkent. Lives in Tashkent, Uzbekistan and Paris, France

97. Aletta Jacobs
1854, Sappemeer, the Netherlands – 1929, Baarn, the Netherlands

98. Geumhyung Jeong
1980, Seoul. Lives in Seoul, South Korea

99. Charlotte Johannesson
1943, Malmö, Sweden. Lives in Skanör, Sweden

100. Loïs Mailou Jones
1905, Boston, USA – 1998, Washington, D.C., USA

101. Jamian Juliano-Villani
1987, Newark, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

102. Birgit Jürgenssen
1949 – 2003, Vienna, Austria

103. Ida Kar
1908, Tambov, Russia – 1974, London, UK

104. Allison Katz
1980, Montreal, Canada. Lives in London, UK

105. Bronwyn Katz
1993, Kimberley, South Africa. Lives in Johannesburg, South Africa

106. Kapwani Kiwanga
1978, Hamilton, Canada. Lives in Paris, France

107. Kiki Kogelnik
1935, Graz, Austria – 1997, Vienna, Austria

108. Barbara Kruger
1945, Newark, USA. Lives in Los Angeles, USA

109. Tetsumi Kudo
1935, Osaka, Japan – 1990, Tokyo, Japan

110. Gabrielle L´Hirondelle Hill
1979, Comox, Canada. Lives on the unceded territories of the Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh peoples

111. Louise Lawler
1947, Bronxville, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

112. Carolyn Lazard
1987, Upland, USA. Lives in New York City and Philadelphia, USA

113. Mire Lee
1988, Seoul, South Korea. Lives in Amsterdam, the Netherlands

114. Simone Leigh
1967, Chicago, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

115. Hannah Levy
1991, New York City. Lives in New York City, USA

116. Tau Lewis
1993, Toronto, Canada. Lives in New York City, USA

117. Shuang Li
1990, Wuyi Mountains, China. Lives in Berlin, Germany and Geneva, Switzerland

118. Liliane Lijn
1939, New York City, USA. Lives in London, UK

119. Candice Lin
1979, Concord, USA. Lives in Los Angeles, USA

120. Mina Loy
1882, London, UK – 1966, Aspen, USA

121. Antoinette Lubaki
1895, Bukama, Congo Free State (present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) – ?

122. LuYang
1984, Shanghai. Lives in Shanghai, China

123. Zhenya Machneva
1988, Leningrad (present-day Saint Petersburg), Russia. Lives in Saint Petersburg, Russia

124. Baya Mahieddine
1931, Fort de l’Eau (present-day Bordj El Kiffan), Algeria – 1998, Blida, Algeria

125. Maruja Mallo
1902, Viveiro, Spain – 1995, Madrid, Spain

126. Joyce Mansour
1928, Bowden, UK – 1986, Paris, France

127. Britta Marakatt-Labba
1951, Idivuoma, Sápmi/Northern Sweden. Lives in Övre Soppero, Sápmi/Northern Sweden

128. Diego Marcon
1985, Busto Arsizio, Italy. Lives in Milan, Italy

129. Sidsel Meineche Hansen
1981, Ry, Denmark. Lives in London, UK

130. Maria Sibylla Merian
1647, Frankfurt am Main, Free Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire (present-day Germany) – 1717, Amsterdam, Dutch Republic (present-day the Netherlands)

131. Vera Molnár
1924, Budapest, Hungary. Lives in Paris, France

132. Delcy Morelos
1967, Tierralta, Colombia. Lives in Bogotá, Colombia

133. Sister Gertrude Morgan
1900, LaFayette, USA – 1980, New Orleans, USA

134. Sandra Mujinga
1989, Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Lives in Oslo, Norway and Berlin, Germany

135. Mrinalini Mukherjee
1949, Bombay (present-day Mumbai), India – 2015, New Delhi, India

136. Nadja
1902, Saint-André-lez-Lille, France – 1941, Bailleul, France

137. Louise Nevelson
1899, Pereiaslav, Poltava Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) – 1988, New York City, USA

138. Amy Nimr
1898, Cairo, Egypt – 1974, Paris, France

139. Magdalene Odundo
1950, Nairobi, Kenya. Lives in Farnham, UK

140. Precious Okoyomon
1993, London, UK. Lives in New York City, USA

141. Meret Oppenheim
1913, Berlin, Germany – 1985, Basel, Switzerland

142. Ovartaci
1894, Ebeltoft, Denmark – 1985, Risskov, Denmark

143. Virginia Overton
1971, Nashville, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

144. Akosua Adoma Owusu
1984, Alexandria, USA. Lives in New York City and Cambridge, USA

145. Prabhakar Pachpute
1986, Sasti, India. Lives in Pune, India

146. Eusapia Palladino
1854, Minervino Murge, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (present-day Italy) – 1918, Naples, Italy

147. Violeta Parra
1917, San Fabián de Alico, Chile – 1967, Santiago, Chile

148. Rosana Paulino
1967, São Paulo. Lives in São Paulo, Brazil

149. Valentine Penrose
1898, Mont-de-Marsan, France – 1978, Chiddingly, UK

150. Elle Pérez
1989, New York City. Lives in New York City, USA

151. Sondra Perry
1986, Perth Amboy, USA. Lives in Newark, USA

152. Solange Pessoa
1961, Ferros, Brazil. Lives in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

153. Thao Nguyen Phan
1987, Ho Chi Minh City. Lives in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

154. Julia Phillips
1985, Hamburg, Germany. Lives in Chicago, USA and Berlin, Germany

155. Joanna Piotrowska
1985, Warsaw. Lives in Warsaw, Poland and London, UK

156. Alexandra Pirici
1982, Bucharest. Lives in Bucharest, Romania

157. Anu Põder
1947, Kanepi, Estonia – 2013, Tallinn, Estonia

158. Gisèle Prassinos
1920, Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), Ottoman Empire (present-day Turkey) – 2015, Paris, France

159. Christina Quarles
1985, Chicago, USA. Lives in Los Angeles, USA

160. Rachilde
1860, Cros, France – 1953, Paris, France

161. Janis Rafa
1984, Athens. Lives in Athens, Greece and Amsterdam, the Netherlands

162. Alice Rahon
1904, Chenecey-Buillon, France – 1987, Mexico City, Mexico

163. Carol Rama
1918 – 2015, Turin, Italy

164. Paula Rego
1935, Lisbon, Portugal. Lives in London, UK

165. Edith Rimmington
1902, Leicester, UK – 1986, Bexhill-on-Sea, UK

166. Enif Robert
1886, Prato, Italy – 1974, Bologna, Italy

167. Luiz Roque
1979, Cachoeira do Sul, Brazil. Lives in São Paulo, Brazil

168. Rosa Rosà
1884, Vienna, Austria – 1978, Rome, Italy

169. Niki de Saint Phalle
1930, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France – 2002, La Jolla, USA

170. Giovanna Sandri
1923 – 2002, Rome, Italy

171. Pinaree Sanpitak
1961, Bangkok. Lives in Bangkok, Thailand

172. Aki Sasamoto
1980, Kanagawa, Japan. Lives in New York City, USA

173. Augusta Savage
1892, Green Cove Springs, USA – 1962, New York City, USA

174. Lavinia Schulz and Walter Holdt
1896, Lübben (Spreewald), Germany – 1924, Hamburg, Germany 1899 – 1924, Hamburg, Germany

175. Lillian Schwartz
1927, Cincinnati, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

176. Amy Sillman
1955, Detroit, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

177. Elias Sime
1968, Addis Ababa. Lives in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

178. Marianna Simnett
1986, London, UK. Lives in Berlin, Germany

179. Hélène Smith
1861, Martigny, Switzerland – 1929, Geneva, Switzerland

180. Sable Elyse Smith
1986, Los Angeles, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

181. Teresa Solar
1985, Madrid. Lives in Madrid, Spain

182. Mary Ellen Solt
1920, Gilmore City, USA – 2007, Santa Clarita, USA

183. P. Staff
1987, Bognor Regis, UK. Lives in London, UK and Los Angeles, USA

184. Sophie Taeuber-Arp
1889, Davos, Switzerland – 1943, Zürich, Switzerland

185. Toshiko Takaezu
1922, Pepeekeo, USA – 2011, Honolulu, USA

186. Emma Talbot
1969, Stourbridge, UK. Lives in London, UK

187. Dorothea Tanning
1910, Galesburg, USA – 2012, New York City, USA

188. Bridget Tichenor
1917, Paris, France – 1990, Mexico City, Mexico

189. Tecla Tofano
1927, Naples, Italy – 1995, Caracas, Venezuela

190. Josefa Tolrà
1880 – 1959, Cabrils, Spain

191. Tourmaline
1983, Boston, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

192. Toyen
1902, Prague, Austro-Hungarian Empire (present-day Czech Republic) – 1980, Paris, France

193. Rosemarie Trockel
1952, Schwerte, Germany. Lives in Berlin, Germany

194. Wu Tsang
1982, Worcester, USA. Lives in Zürich, Switzerland

195. Kaari Upson
1970, San Bernardino, USA – 2021, New York City, USA

196. Andra Ursuţa
1979, Salonta, Romania. Lives in New York City, USA

197. Grazia Varisco
1937, Milan. Lives in Milan, Italy

198. Remedios Varo
1908, Anglès, Spain – 1963, Mexico City, Mexico

199. Sandra Vásquez de la Horra
1967, Viña del Mar, Chile. Lives in Berlin, Germany

200. Marie Vassilieff
1884, Smolensk, Russia – 1957, Nogent-sur-Marne, France

201. Cecilia Vicuña
1948, Santiago, Chile. Lives in New York City, USA

202. Nanda Vigo
1936 – 2020, Milan, Italy

203. Marianne Vitale
1973, East Rockaway, USA. Lives in New York City, USA

204. Raphaela Vogel
1988, Nuremberg, Germany. Lives in Berlin, Germany

205. Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller
1877, Philadelphia, USA – 1968, Framingham, USA

206. Laura Wheeler Waring
1887, Hartford, USA – 1948, Philadelphia, USA

207. Ulla Wiggen
1942, Stockholm. Lives in Stockholm, Sweden

208. Mary Wigman
1886, Hanover, Germany – 1973, Berlin, Germany

209. Müge Yilmaz
1985, Istanbul, Turkey. Lives in Amsterdam, the Netherlands

210. Frantz Zéphirin
1968, Cap-Haïtien, Haiti. Lives in Port-au-Prince, Haiti

211. Zheng Bo
1974, Beijing, China. Lives on Lantau Island, Hong Kong

212. Unica Zürn
1916, Berlin, Germany – 1970, Paris, France

213. Portia Zvavahera
1985, Harare. Lives in Harare, Zimbabwe

* Out of competition